| Model Type | | text-to-text, decoder-only, large language model |
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| Use Cases |
| Areas: | | Research, Commercial applications |
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| Applications: | | text generation, chatbots, text summarization, language learning tools, knowledge exploration |
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| Primary Use Cases: | | Content Creation and Communication, Research and Education |
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| Limitations: | | Training Data, Context and Task Complexity, Language Ambiguity and Nuance, Factual Accuracy, Common Sense |
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| Supported Languages | |
| Training Details |
| Data Sources: | | Web Documents, Code, Mathematics |
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| Data Volume: | | 13 trillion tokens (27B model); 8 trillion tokens (9B model) |
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| Methodology: | | Built using the same research and technology as Gemini models |
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| Hardware Used: | |
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| Safety Evaluation |
| Methodologies: | | structured evaluations, internal red-teaming |
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| Risk Categories: | | child safety, content safety, representational harms, memorization, large-scale harms |
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| Responsible Ai Considerations |
| Fairness: | | These models underwent careful scrutiny, input data pre-processing described and posterior evaluations reported in this card. |
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| Transparency: | | This model card summarizes details on the models' architecture, capabilities, limitations, and evaluation processes. |
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| Mitigation Strategies: | | Continuous monitoring and exploration of de-biasing techniques; Guidelines for content safety provided |
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| Input Output |
| Input Format: | | Text string (e.g., question, prompt, document to be summarized) |
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| Accepted Modalities: | |
| Output Format: | | Generated English-language text |
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